De fonte
(Concerning the Interdict Which Has Reference to Springs.)
1 Ulpianus libro septuagensimo ad edictum. Praetor ait: ‘Uti de eo fonte, quo de agitur, hoc anno aqua nec vi nec clam nec precario ab illo usus es, quo minus ita utaris, vim fieri veto. de lacu puteo piscina item interdicam’. 1Hoc interdictum proponitur ei, qui fontana aqua uti prohibetur: servitutes enim non tantum aquae ducendae esse solent, verum etiam hauriendae, et sicut discretae sunt servitutes ductus aquae et haustus aquae, ita interdicta separatim redduntur. 2Hoc autem interdictum locum habet, si quis uti prohibeatur aqua, hoc est sive haurire prohibeatur sive etiam pecus ad aquam appellere. 3Et eadem sunt hic dicenda, quae ad personam attinent, quaecumque in superioribus interdictis diximus. 4Hoc interdictum de cisterna non competit: nam cisterna non habet perpetuam causam nec vivam aquam. ex quo apparet in his omnibus exigendum, ut viva aqua sit: cisternae autem imbribus concipiuntur. denique constat interdictum cessare, si lacus piscina puteus vivam aquam non habeat. 5Plane si quis ire ad haustum prohibeatur, aeque interdictum sufficiet. 6Deinde ait praetor: ‘Quo minus fontem, quo de agitur, purges reficias, ut aquam coercere utique ea possis, dum ne aliter utaris, atque uti hoc anno non vi non clam non precario ab illo usus es, vim fieri veto’. 7Hoc interdictum eandem habet utilitatem, quam habet interdictum de rivis reficiendis: nisi enim purgare et reficere fontem licuerit, nullus usus eius erit. 8Purgandus autem et reficiendus est ad aquam coercendam, ut uti quis aqua possit, dummodo non aliter utatur, quam sic uti hoc anno usus est. 9Coercere aquam est continere sic, ne diffluat, ne dilabatur, dummodo non permittatur cui novas quaerere vel aperire: hic enim innovat aliquid praeter id, quam praecedenti anno usus est. 10Sed et de lacu puteo piscina reficiendis purgandis interdictum competit. 11Et omnibus personis dabitur, quibus permittitur interdictum de aqua aestiva.
1 Ulpianus, On the Edict, Book LXX. The Prætor says: “I forbid force to be employed to prevent you from making use of the spring in question, the water of which you have used during the past year, without employing force, or clandestinely, or under a precarious title. I will also grant an interdict of the same kind with reference to lakes, wells, and fish-ponds.” 1This interdict was introduced for the benefit of him who is prevented from using the water of a spring. For servitudes are usually granted not only for the purpose of conducting water, but also for drawing it; and as those relating to the conducting of water and the drawing of the same are distinct, so, also, the interdicts relating to them are separately granted. 2Moreover, this interdict will apply if anyone is prevented from using water; that is to say, if he is either hindered from drawing it, or driving his cattle to it. 3The same rule which we have mentioned as governing previous interdicts must also be said to apply to those which have reference to persons. 4This interdict will not lie in the case of cisterns, for a cistern has not perpetual, or running water. From this it is evident that, in all these instances, it is required that the water be running. Cisterns, however, are filled by rains. In conclusion, it is established that the interdict will not apply if the lake, fish-pond, or well, does not contain running water. 5It is clear that the interdict will also be sufficient, where anyone is prevented from using a road giving access to the water to be drawn. 6The Prætor next says: “I forbid force to be employed to prevent you from repairing and cleaning the spring in question, in order that you may retain the water; provided you do not make use of it in a different way than you have done during the past year, without the employment of force, or clandestinely, or under a precarious title.” 7This interdict is as advantageous as the one which has reference to the repair of conduits; for if it is not permitted to clean and repair a spring, it will be of no use. 8A spring should be cleaned and repaired for the purpose of retaining the water, so that anyone may use it in the same way in which this was done during the past year. 9To retain water is to confine it in such a way that it will not overflow, or be lost; provided anyone is not permitted to seek for and open new springs, for this is an innovation upon what has been done during the preceding year. 10An interdict can also be employed where a lake, a well, or a fish-pond is to be repaired or cleaned. 11This interdict is granted to all persons who are allowed to make use of the one having reference to summer water.