Corpus iurisprudentiae Romanae

Repertorium zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts

Digesta Iustiniani Augusti

Recognovit Mommsen (1870) et retractavit Krüger (1928)
Convertit in Anglica lingua Scott (1932)
Dig. XLIII22,
De fonte
Liber quadragesimus tertius
XXII.

De fonte

(Concerning the Interdict Which Has Reference to Springs.)

1Ul­pia­nus li­bro sep­tua­gen­si­mo ad edic­tum. Prae­tor ait: ‘Uti de eo fon­te, quo de agi­tur, hoc an­no aqua nec vi nec clam nec pre­ca­rio ab il­lo usus es, quo mi­nus ita uta­ris, vim fie­ri ve­to. de la­cu pu­teo pis­ci­na item in­ter­di­cam’. 1Hoc in­ter­dic­tum pro­po­ni­tur ei, qui fon­ta­na aqua uti pro­hi­be­tur: ser­vi­tu­tes enim non tan­tum aquae du­cen­dae es­se so­lent, ve­rum et­iam hau­rien­dae, et sic­ut dis­cre­tae sunt ser­vi­tu­tes duc­tus aquae et haus­tus aquae, ita in­ter­dic­ta se­pa­ra­tim red­dun­tur. 2Hoc au­tem in­ter­dic­tum lo­cum ha­bet, si quis uti pro­hi­bea­tur aqua, hoc est si­ve hau­ri­re pro­hi­bea­tur si­ve et­iam pe­cus ad aquam ap­pel­le­re. 3Et ea­dem sunt hic di­cen­da, quae ad per­so­nam at­ti­nent, quae­cum­que in su­pe­rio­ri­bus in­ter­dic­tis di­xi­mus. 4Hoc in­ter­dic­tum de cis­ter­na non com­pe­tit: nam cis­ter­na non ha­bet per­pe­tuam cau­sam nec vi­vam aquam. ex quo ap­pa­ret in his om­ni­bus ex­igen­dum, ut vi­va aqua sit: cis­ter­nae au­tem im­bri­bus con­ci­piun­tur. de­ni­que con­stat in­ter­dic­tum ces­sa­re, si la­cus pis­ci­na pu­teus vi­vam aquam non ha­beat. 5Pla­ne si quis ire ad haus­tum pro­hi­bea­tur, ae­que in­ter­dic­tum suf­fi­ciet. 6De­in­de ait prae­tor: ‘Quo mi­nus fon­tem, quo de agi­tur, pur­ges re­fi­cias, ut aquam co­er­ce­re uti­que ea pos­sis, dum ne ali­ter uta­ris, at­que uti hoc an­no non vi non clam non pre­ca­rio ab il­lo usus es, vim fie­ri ve­to’. 7Hoc in­ter­dic­tum ean­dem ha­bet uti­li­ta­tem, quam ha­bet in­ter­dic­tum de ri­vis re­fi­cien­dis: ni­si enim pur­ga­re et re­fi­ce­re fon­tem li­cue­rit, nul­lus usus eius erit. 8Pur­gan­dus au­tem et re­fi­cien­dus est ad aquam co­er­cen­dam, ut uti quis aqua pos­sit, dum­mo­do non ali­ter uta­tur, quam sic uti hoc an­no usus est. 9Co­er­ce­re aquam est con­ti­ne­re sic, ne dif­fluat, ne di­la­ba­tur, dum­mo­do non per­mit­ta­tur cui no­vas quae­re­re vel ape­ri­re: hic enim in­no­vat ali­quid prae­ter id, quam prae­ce­den­ti an­no usus est. 10Sed et de la­cu pu­teo pis­ci­na re­fi­cien­dis pur­gan­dis in­ter­dic­tum com­pe­tit. 11Et om­ni­bus per­so­nis da­bi­tur, qui­bus per­mit­ti­tur in­ter­dic­tum de aqua aes­ti­va.

1Ulpianus, On the Edict, Book LXX. The Prætor says: “I forbid force to be employed to prevent you from making use of the spring in question, the water of which you have used during the past year, without employing force, or clandestinely, or under a precarious title. I will also grant an interdict of the same kind with reference to lakes, wells, and fish-ponds.” 1This interdict was introduced for the benefit of him who is prevented from using the water of a spring. For servitudes are usually granted not only for the purpose of conducting water, but also for drawing it; and as those relating to the conducting of water and the drawing of the same are distinct, so, also, the interdicts relating to them are separately granted. 2Moreover, this interdict will apply if anyone is prevented from using water; that is to say, if he is either hindered from drawing it, or driving his cattle to it. 3The same rule which we have mentioned as governing previous interdicts must also be said to apply to those which have reference to persons. 4This interdict will not lie in the case of cisterns, for a cistern has not perpetual, or running water. From this it is evident that, in all these instances, it is required that the water be running. Cisterns, however, are filled by rains. In conclusion, it is established that the interdict will not apply if the lake, fish-pond, or well, does not contain running water. 5It is clear that the interdict will also be sufficient, where anyone is prevented from using a road giving access to the water to be drawn. 6The Prætor next says: “I forbid force to be employed to prevent you from repairing and cleaning the spring in question, in order that you may retain the water; provided you do not make use of it in a different way than you have done during the past year, without the employment of force, or clandestinely, or under a precarious title.” 7This interdict is as advantageous as the one which has reference to the repair of conduits; for if it is not permitted to clean and repair a spring, it will be of no use. 8A spring should be cleaned and repaired for the purpose of retaining the water, so that anyone may use it in the same way in which this was done during the past year. 9To retain water is to confine it in such a way that it will not overflow, or be lost; provided anyone is not permitted to seek for and open new springs, for this is an innovation upon what has been done during the preceding year. 10An interdict can also be employed where a lake, a well, or a fish-pond is to be repaired or cleaned. 11This interdict is granted to all persons who are allowed to make use of the one having reference to summer water.